Habit Reversal Training for Reducing Vaping Behavior among University Students

This study investigates the effectiveness of Habit Reversal Training (HRT) in reducing vaping behavior and improving associated psychological outcomes, such as depression, anxiety, and stress, among university students. Four hypotheses were tested: (1) HRT will significantly reduce vaping behavior, (2) HRT will reduce levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, (3) HRT will positively impact participants' behavioral and emotional well-being, and (4) HRT will be more effective among participants with higher motivation to quit vaping. The study draws upon prior research demonstrating HRT's success in addressing habitual behaviors, including smoking, by promoting self-awareness, teaching competing responses, and enhancing motivation. Findings suggest that HRT significantly reduces vaping behavior by helping participants replace the habit with healthier alternatives, such as physical activity or relaxation techniques. Additionally, reductions in psychological distress were observed, as participants experienced improvements in depression, anxiety, and stress levels. The study highlights the importance of motivation in achieving successful outcomes, with higher levels of intrinsic motivation correlating with greater adherence to HRT techniques and sustained behavior change. While HRT proves to be an effective intervention for vaping cessation, limitations such as the exclusion of physiological nicotine dependence and social influences point to the need for complementary approaches. The results emphasize HRT's potential as a holistic strategy for addressing the behavioral and psychological dimensions of vaping addiction. By combining HRT with other evidence-based treatments and public health efforts, this approach can significantly contribute to reducing vaping prevalence and improving mental health outcomes among in young adults.